MiRNAs profile of extracellular vesicles from differentiated endothelial cells treated with chemical environmental pollutant BPA

Daily, polluting substances are scattered in the atmosphere by industries, which can potentially damage human health. Particular concern derives from those substances defined as endocrine disruptors Chemicals, which mimic the actions of natural hormones and cause adverse effects on the normal functioning of developmental, metabolic, and reproductive processes like embryonic development, gonad formation, sexual differentiation, and growth, that may lead to the loss of homeostasis. Moreover, perinatal exposure to substances with estrogenic activity may be able to cross the placenta and produce long-lasting consequences in the fetus. Among the potentially contaminating substances involved in endocrine disruption, it is necessary to highlight Bisphenol A (BPA) due to its adverse effects on human health. We used an in vitro model of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) differentiated into endothelial cells (e-hPDLSCs) to evaluate the angiogenesis effects of BPA. Our data showed that BPA (10 μM) presented a high expression of angiogenesis markers, such as PECAM-1, VEGF, VEGFR, and vWF in hPDLSCs in e-hPDLSCs. The epigenetic mechanism explains these adverse effects caused by BPA, as the vesicles obtained from BPA-treated e-hPDLSCs presented a lower expression of the miRNAs correlated with the angiogenic genes analyzed than the vesicles obtained from untreated e-hPDLSCs.